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@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ $\alpha = 21.2$~cm$^2$/J is the avalanche ionization coefficient
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\cite{Pronko1998} at the wavelength $800$~nm in air. As we have noted,
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\cite{Pronko1998} at the wavelength $800$~nm in air. As we have noted,
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free carrier diffusion is neglected during and shortly after the laser
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free carrier diffusion is neglected during and shortly after the laser
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excitation \cite{Van1987, Sokolowski2000}. In particular, from the
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excitation \cite{Van1987, Sokolowski2000}. In particular, from the
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-Einstein formula $D = k_B T_e \tau/m^* \approx (1\div2)\cdot{10}^{-3}$ m$^2$/s
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+Einstein formula $D = k_B T_e \tau/m^* \approx (1$--$2)\cdot{10}^{-3}$ m$^2$/s
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($k_B$ is the Boltzmann constant, $T_e$ is the electron temperature,
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($k_B$ is the Boltzmann constant, $T_e$ is the electron temperature,
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$\tau=1$~\textit{fs} is the collision time, $m^* = 0.18 m_e$ is the effective
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$\tau=1$~\textit{fs} is the collision time, $m^* = 0.18 m_e$ is the effective
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mass), where $T_e \approx 2*{10}^4$ K for $N_e$ close to $N_{cr}$ \cite{Ramer2014}. It
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mass), where $T_e \approx 2*{10}^4$ K for $N_e$ close to $N_{cr}$ \cite{Ramer2014}. It
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@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ license.
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first optical cycle.
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first optical cycle.
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\textit{'Stage~2'} corresponds to further electric field oscillations
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\textit{'Stage~2'} corresponds to further electric field oscillations
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- ($t \approx 2\div15$) leading to the unstationery EHP evolution
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+ ($t \approx 2$--$15$) leading to the unstationery EHP evolution
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with a maximum of the EHP distribution in the front side of the Si NP
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with a maximum of the EHP distribution in the front side of the Si NP
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owing to the starting excitation of MD and MQ resonances that require more
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owing to the starting excitation of MD and MQ resonances that require more
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time to be excited. At this stage, the density of EHP ($N_e < 10^{20}$~cm$^2$)
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time to be excited. At this stage, the density of EHP ($N_e < 10^{20}$~cm$^2$)
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@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ license.
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change the local optical properties. Below the MD
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change the local optical properties. Below the MD
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resonance $R \approx 100$~nm, the EHP is mostly localized in the
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resonance $R \approx 100$~nm, the EHP is mostly localized in the
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front side of the NP as shown in Fig.~\ref{plasma-grid}(c). The highest
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front side of the NP as shown in Fig.~\ref{plasma-grid}(c). The highest
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- stationary asymmetry factor $G_{N_e} \approx 0.5\div0.6$ is achieved
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+ stationary asymmetry factor $G_{N_e} \approx 0.5$--$0.6$ is achieved
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in this case. At the MD resonance conditions, the EHP
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in this case. At the MD resonance conditions, the EHP
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distribution has a toroidal shape and is much closer to the
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distribution has a toroidal shape and is much closer to the
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homogeneous distribution. In contrast, above the MD
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homogeneous distribution. In contrast, above the MD
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